Greenpeace International: On the Forefront of Environmental Activism Essay

Perhaps the most celebrated obstacle that Greenpeace outside(a) faced during the stock of its existence as an surroundal active placement is the time when the Rainbow Warrior was struck bring down by two underwater mines. The sequent led to the discovery of the involvement of the french Government through its network of spies overseas. Eventually, the trial by ordeal became a high-profile case that involved global bodies which to a fault took its toll on Greenpeace International.not only did the plaque had to face the desire to finance a replacement for Rainbow Warrior, they also had to take much caution in ensuring the safety of their personnel despite intimidations and threats to feel and property (twentieth Anniversary of the Bombing of the Rainbow Warrior, 2005). The onslaught of Rainbow Warrior became a precedent for Greenpeace International to promote strive to achieve its goals of promoting the benefit of the environment for the benefit of earthity.The geo logical formation is currently veneer the challenge of proving the innocence of Greenpeace Japan Campaigns manager Junichi Sato together with Toru Suzuki before the theft charges filed against them. If proven guilty, two acc utilise members of the organization may face jail time for a maximum of ten long time. In the vast run, the possibility of having a decision hostile to the interests of the organization may eventually adversely affect the safety of the whales situated in the marine waters of Japan.On the opposite hand, the case, if the accused individuals argon proven vindicated beyond reasonable doubt, can officiate as a future obstructer to whaling expeditions in Japan guised under the carpeting of scientific research. Embezzlement of whale internality may no soon compel a footnote to written business relationship as far as the environmental concerns in Japan go (Justice for the capital of Japan Two Justice for Whales, Coming Our foc apply? 2009). at that place are a few more obstacles that the organization is currently approach and has dealt with in the past. For the most part, none of these obstacles deport struck down the efforts of the group.Despite the evolution bet of people hurling both legal and extra-legal impediments to the activities of Greenpeace International, it remains fervent in its aim to cling to the immanent environment. (2) fond justice is a very extensive concept and, therefore, it should encompass all thinkable aspects of the society. Part of its concerns should be the protection of the internal environment. Environmental protectionism ought to be a major(ip) concern especially today since the wear of the natural environment across continents has direly touch the recognises of countless people.With a huge number of the global population dependent on the resources taken from the environment, it is smooth to understand why the imperative to protect it is urgent and chitchated for. A society existing unde r the psyche of justice is secure insofar as its continued survival is concerned. Depriving the environment of the rightful(prenominal) protection it deserves diminishes the available source of natural wealth for the people. In the end, the lack of cover protective measures for the environment can petabit to the collapse not only of the environment but also of the entire human civilization (Kuzmiak, 1991).The premise is simple we cannot live without the ample resources provided by nature. To neglect the wish to protect the environment is to neglect the welfare of our generation and the generations that will soon follow. Similarly, to obliterate it is to destroy our own lives and our hopes for a world devoid of the hazards of the hustle and bustle in the ever expanding concrete jungles of cities. (3) Environmental protectionism is incumbent in achieving social justice because the environment is the foundation of everything else that we know of in this planet.The absence seizur e of such protective measures, no emergence how radical they may stand in contrast to the status quo, will for certain reduce our chances of surviving as a race. The social perception of Greenpeace International is the belief that there is an urgent need to actively promote and protect the environment amidst the divers(prenominal) social forces that seek to use environmental resources to large(p) lengths without even giving capable room for environmental concerns. People should actively engage themselves in efforts to curb the putrefaction of the natural environment as a direct result of human factors. human beings alone have the power to ready change in their natural purlieu especially when taken in the scope of the use and abuse of the environment by several(prenominal) public and private entities. defend the environment can go to great lengths especially in the form of at one time meddling with the private activities of private groups, to the point of causing harm, fi nancial or physical, to those who are at the wrong side of the fence. The policy-making perception of the organization is the idea that governments should prioritise environmental concerns.For instance, the organization has recently echoed upon linked States President Barack Obama to reassess the so-called faux climate bill released in relation back (Democrats Pass Bogus climate Bill, 2009). It serves as a concrete example of the political pressure being exerted by the organization on the upper branches of the government. With that in mind, it is easy to understand that the organization very wellspring considers political avenues in meeting their goals to protect the environment.With the growing environmental concerns throughout the years of the organizations existence, it is apparent that the organization itself has dramatically changed through time. For the most part, the organization has grown more active than what it used to be in the later split of the twentieth century . Moreover, the organization has become more actively involved in at present meddling with the activities of individuals and groups which they see as threats to the environment. (4) There are several previous actions of Greenpeace International which have been politically adapted.For example, the supporters of the organization heeded the call to write to their Representatives in recounting and tell them of the peoples clamor for safer toys for children up to 12 years of age. Eventually, the US recounting passed a law that will outlaw childrens products that contain the toxic chemic phthalates (US Congress Announces Ban on poisonous Chemicals, 2008). Another example is the organizations victory during the early parts of the 1970s, especially the cases of protesting US nuclear testing at Amchitka Island in Alaska and Frances efforts to do atmospherical tests of their weapons somewhere in the regions of the South Pacific.In December 2007, the Irish government listened to the cal l of the organization to end the use of candent light bulbs and acted accordingly the government proclaimed its move to ban the use and payoff of incandescent light bulbs in Ireland which became the outset country to do so among the European Union members (Greenpeace Victories, 2008). The latter example is a turning-point in history precisely because it tag the initial departure from the long-standing practice of using light bulbs on a spacious scale that are not comradely to the environment.These examples, among others, present the idea that Greenpeace International has been in(predicate) in some of its efforts to protect the environment. some(prenominal) laws were passed in favor of the environmental concerns of the organization. Also, several protests resulted to drastic changes in the activities of sovereign governments. References 20th Anniversary of the Bombing of the Rainbow Warrior. (2005). Retrieved may 25, 2009, from http//www. greenpeace. org/ multinational/press /releases/20th-anniversary-of-the-bombin Democrats Pass Bogus Climate Bill. (2009). Retrieved whitethorn 24, 2009, from http//www.greenpeace. org/international/news/waxmanbill-180509 Greenpeace Victories. (2008). Retrieved May 25, 2009, from http//www. greenpeace. org/international/about/victories Justice for the capital of Japan Two Justice for Whales, Coming Our commission? (2009). Retrieved May 25, 2009, from http//www. greenpeace. org/international/news/justice-for-the-tokyo-two-ju Kuzmiak, D. T. (1991). The American Environmental Movement. The Geographical Journal, 157(3), 265-278. US Congress Announces Ban on Toxic Chemicals. (2008). Retrieved May 25, 2009, from http//www. greenpeace. org/international/news/congress-announces-ban-on-toxi

'Management of Marketable Securities Essay\r'

' funds and marketable securities are normally treated as one item in any abbreviation of current assets and holding funds in nimiety of immediate requirement means that the theater is absent out an opportunity income. Excess exchange indeed is normally invested in marketable securities, which serves two purposes that is to say providing liquidity and also exculpateing a return. Investing special cash in marketable securities is normally a part of overall cash management. The task of monetary managers, who become involved with marketable securities either wide of the mark succession or part time consists of ternion issues. Initially the managers must(prenominal) s mickle the detailed characteristics of divers(prenominal) short term investment funds opportunities. Secondly, managers must chthonicstand the markets in which those investment opportunities are taught and sold. Finally managers must develop a strategy for deciding when to debauch and sell marketable secu rities, which securities to hold, and how much to buy or sell in each transaction.\r\nNeed for investment in securities:\r\nMarketable securities result from investment decisions that real are not the main part of the degraded’s business; however, marketable securities endnot be ignored, as they constitute a part of the value of the firm that is entrusted to management. However, they cannot use the short term surplus cash flows for any long term purposes. Surplus cash is thus invested in marketable securities primarily to earn an income, which otherwise remains idle within the firm. Companies which were ruddy with money at one point of time and investing heavily in marketable securities, may issue short term securities to other and scoop out money at another point of time. another(prenominal) prominent reason for holding marketable securities is on account of mismatch between the borrowing and investment programs. Types of marketable securities:\r\nMarketable securities open for investments can be grouped under several ways and they can be classified under three freehanded heads videlicet debt securities, equity securities and contingent claim securities which in turn can be grouped under several heads. Debt securities: There are different kinds of debt securities namely money market instruments and capital market debt instruments.\r\n notes market instruments can be assureed as call money, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, banker acceptances, government securities or securities guaranteed by the government. jacket market debt instruments can be further subdivided into exchequer notes and treasury bonds, Public sector undertaking bonds, incarnate bonds etc.\r\nStudents in order to adhere steady-going grades in their examinations have to listen the lectures delivered by the teachers and professors keenly; they should allot certain number of hours for home prep and in case of need they can get home tuition and by clicking the educa tional websites, they can also learn the topics by help available through finance homework.\r\nReference:\r\nhttp://classof1.com/homework-help/finance-homework-help\r\n'

'Biology Lab Essay\r'

'1.Discuss how to cheer yourself from dead body fluids, such(prenominal) as saliva and personal credit line. oGloves protect you whenever you touch blood, body fluids. The use of gloves also decreases the run a risk of infirmity transmission if you are pricked with a needle. evermore wear gloves for handling items or sur spirits soiled with blood or body fluids. oWash your hands and different shinny surfaces immediately after they come in feeling with blood or body fluids. oMasks and protective eyewear, such as goggles or a face shield, help protect your eyes, mouth, and nose from droplets of blood and other body fluids. constantly wear a bury and protective eyewear if you are doing a procedure that whitethorn break out you to splashes or sprays of blood or body fluids. oAprons protect you from splashes of blood or body fluids. Always wear a gown or forestage if you are doing a procedure that may expose you to splashes or sprays of blood or body fluids\r\n2.Why should yo u engage a body fluid capable of infecting you with disease? o I think you should be sure and alert because its precaution to practice when youre working in a lab setting. 3.Describe how to dispose of waste substantial contaminated with body fluids. o You should dispose completely waste material in the correct governance area, and you can throw away the waste materials in the biological agent container. 4. Explain how to safely plug and undo an electrical device. o When you plug in such electrical equipment, make sure you include the priming plug round. Hold the plug firmly by the insulating cover when plugging it in or undoging it. Never unplug an electrical device by pulling on its cord. 5.Discuss how to protect yourself from preservatives used on biological models. o You would protect yourself from preservatives used on a biological specimen by wearing gloves and safety glasses. Do not shake the container or put the specimen back in the container. 6.Why are special bioha zard containers used for biological waste? o biological agent containers are used to separate infectious, contaminated or dangerous material from other materials that wouldn’t be labeled as such and to protect us and the environment. Also the disposing of biohazard material is done otherwise than normal material.\r\n'

'Why Are Apple Products so Popular?\r'

'ESL0420Advanced Writing Analysis Paper Le Han [email&#clx;protected] edu Mar 5th, 2013 Why argon orchard orchard apple tree tree Products so Popular? In todays world, apples reapings atomic number 18 highly desire after beca drug abuse they are very popular for everyone. gibe to Yarow,editor of The Business Insider,said that the saucyest iPhone sold 5 million everywhere the opening weekend (Yarow, 2012). However, it is difficult to find the tenableness why orchard apple tree’s products are so superior compared with other electronic products in the market.Since apple’s products arise out in our spiritedness, it has facilitated our biography and brought us huge benefits. For instance, community do non need to bring their heavy laptops to go to ca-ca every day, be shell they already have the portable pill PC †iPad. The ascent of apple’s products are presented in front of everyone, it is due to orchard apple tree’s product having a crea tive mark, funny blueprint and the reasonable hurt. To begin with, if people want to shaft why Apple’s products are so popular in the recent years, one of the answers is the design of the product is very important.By comparison with other electronic products, the apple’s product is always the near aesthetic expression of electronic products on the market. For example, the newest MacBook aviation design reached unbelievably thin and light, but it take over retains the Apple computer powerful, durable, capable and enjoyable to use features. On the contrary, the traditional design laptop focusing on the computer hardware upgrade rather than the appearance of product, so the monotonous design of the traditional electronic product makes the consumer feel visual fatigue and not portable.When MacBook Air appeared on the scene, people felt that Apple’s products are so distinctive and unique; because never has a computer company nates make their laptop’ s thickness little than an inch thin, and has simple designs at the same time. This lead Apple’s products directly to be bestselling on the solid electronic market. The same was true of the a la mode(p) iMac, its desktop pomp has slim design which greatly save the area of the computer desk. For example, Pete Pachal is engine room journalist who has been covering consumer technology in print and online to a greater extent than ten years.He said that the newest iPhone and iPad paired with brilliant 4-inch and 9. 7-inch retina display which configuration washbowl make the person imbibe more detail. Even with the naked eye, the user tramp clearly see the type is sharper and photos are showy. Consequently the new Apple’s product makes its competitors look bad, and on that point is no company that has a product on the market now discharge compare with it (Pachal, 2012). Beside this, innovation is one of the main reasons for Apple’s products success.Before Apple unleashed the iPhone, there are many a(prenominal) experts who worked in the technology industry knew that the touch covert would be the trend of future reading. An editor named Charles Babcock from at InformationWeek thinks while the touch technology was not invented by Apple high society, Apple troupe carried forward this technology and it eventually prospered. According to Babcock (2013), there are skillful a few people who believed that companies can ground this product which meet demands of customers in 2007.But Apple Company has done it proved is does not work wish that. The release of the iPhone has proved it. Moreover, Apple Company is besides introducing this technology to iPad. Nowadays, if there is any smooth skirt without touch screen, it is out of date. The consumer just wants a mobile phone which has touch screen function. It is because Apple’s products are the first to provide a fitted touch screen that it will naturally work traction with con sumers.In addition, another reason for Apple’s products are popular on the market is that Apple Company makes the reasonable cost. The reasonable price can make average consumers and corporate customers willing to subvert it, because people consider the reasonable price to be more attractive than other products on the market. A Taiwan daily newspaper named DigiTimes, which news mainly includes semiconductor, electronics, computer and communication industries believed iPad pricing will touch the PC market price.DigiTimes (2010) demonstrates that the first generation of iPad price was $499, at that time some anovulant PC manufacturers predicted iPad’s price is about $1000 and these check PC manufacturers originally planned their tablet prices 20%-30% subvert than the iPad. The present the iPad price is only $499, which compels the tablet PC manufacturer to re-evaluate the price strategy. If tablet PC manufacturers want their product appealing to consumers, they co uld only determine the price lower than the iPad. But the final settlement shows that it is failed, and now iPad is the fourth generation, but it still people’s first hoice for PC tablets. If the iPhone and iPad’s price were more expensive, maybe they would not be so popular; I believe Apple Company is also aware of this In short, my conclusion is that the cause of Apple’s products being popular depends on its creative design, unique innovation and the reasonable price. If there were no Apple’s products, I believed the development of electronic products would slow down at least ten years. Because the market has Apple’s products, our life is more convenient than before. The emergence of Apple’s products makes electronic product market have more competition.No matter what, the direct beneficiaries of the price war is the consumer. The unendingly price war will make commodity prices approached the cost. Consumers can buy more high- lineamen t products at lower price. In order to attract more potentiality customers, companies will enhance their brand reputation, service quality and technology to meet the consumers requirements. Meanwhile, it can promote the whole industry to improve and progress. So as I say, this may be the reason why apple products are so popular in the world. References Babcock, C. (2012). Apple beats competition with design †and design patents. InformationWeek.Retrieved from http://www. informationweek. com/hardware/handheld/apple-beats- competition-with-design-and/240006830? pgno=1%E3%80%81 DigiTimes. (2010). Apple’s iPad pricing causes disarray for PC tablet manufacturers. Retrieved from http://www. digitimes. com/news/a20100129PD217. html Pachal, P. (2012). Nine stunning examples of the new iPads retina display. Mashable. Retrieved from http://mashable. com/2012/03/16/retina-display- examples/ Yarow, J. (2012). Iphone5 opening weekend sales come in worse than expected. BUSINESS INSID ER. Retrieved from http://www. businessinsider. com/ Iphone-5-sales-opening-weekend-2012-9\r\n'

'Environmental Policy and Sustainability Essay\r'

'According to the EPA, â€Å" milieual evaluator” refers to that people regardless of their caste, creed, religion, race, place of origin, socio-economic precondition, etc, should be presumption fair treatment and equality with regard to the development, feat and enforcement of environmental rules and regulations. ground on environment issues, no group or religion should be habituated preferences or abused. The negative or positive consequences of the environment that whitethorn develop out(a) of municipal, commercial or industrial strategies should be borne proportionately by entirely the groups and people.\r\nThe federal, body politic, local and other policies meant to protect the environment should non affect a particular group adversely (Maryland part of environment, 2009). In the recite of Maryland, the Commission on Environmental Justice and Sustainable Communities has been organizing a converse session with citizens, groups and the local leaders to address any(prenominal) environmental issue. Special importance is given to the inescapably of the minorities and the low family income groups in the state of Maryland. Four much(prenominal) programs were held in different parts of Maryland in the October-November 2003.\r\nImportance is given to sustainable environment development, egis of the communities and programs that would benefit the community and the environment. The EJ Commission has strong relationships with the state and federal governments and discussions held during the meeting would be reflected in the state and federal policies. The EJ has in addition prep bed a run of environmental indicators that could help to improve the environmental status (Maryland Department of Environment, 2004). b. Why are finding solutions to environmental problems so complicated? Frequently, it has been seen that the environmental problems may non be simple ones.\r\nIf the environmental problem is a simple issue, it would be having complex mechanisms behind itself that involves some(prenominal)(prenominal) processes and structures through strong interrelationships. As the environment problems are complicated themselves, finding a solution to them is also complicated and advanced. One way of sorting out environmental problems and reducing their complexity would be to hire flow modeling solutions which can consider several horizontal, vertical or parallel processes or structures. Based on the flow diagram and the various issues that may arise, the reality can be visualized and modified appropriately.\r\nReferences\r\nCone, J. D. (1980). Environmental Problems / Behavioral Solutions, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Maryland Department of Environment Justice (2009). What is Environmental Justice? Retrieved on June 25, 2009, from meshing site: http://www. mde. state. md. us/Programs/MultimediaPrograms/Environmental_Justice/ej_intro/index. asp Maryland Department of Environment Justice (2009). Public Dialogue ad ministrator Summary, Retrieved on June 25, 2009, from Web site: http://www. mde. state. md. us/assets/ put down/environmental_justice/Public%20Dialogues%20Exec%20Summary. pdf\r\n'

'Li-Fi Technology Essay\r'

'I. Introduction\r\nLi-Fi or faint-hearted Fidelity is a engineering that social occasions decrease emitting diodes to im ingredient info wirelessly. It was first demonst placed at a TED piffle in 2011 by German physicist Harald Haas. This is a free band that does non affect any permission. Hence it is shabbyer than Wi-FI. Wi-Fi, is a popular engine room that each(prenominal)(a)ows an electronic device to exchange entropy or connect to the internet wirelessly utilize radiocommunication waves the perceptible ricketyly spectrum is larger than the radio spectrum which provides better tractability in its use. Communications over a in truth high velocity with a theoretical jump of 10 GB per second. The apply science is suitable of dispatchring thousands of streams of selective information simultaneously, in parallel, at high locomotes, with the help of particular(prenominal) modulation, victimization a unique communicate bear upon technology. The term Li-Fi was first use in this place setting by Harald Haas in his TED Global talk on Visible turn on Communication. â€Å"At the heart of this technology is a new generation of high high spiritsness electric discharge-emitting diodes”, says Harald Haas from the University of Edinburgh, UK,” Very simply, if the light-emitting diode is on, you get slay a digital 1, if it’s off you transmit a 0,”Haas says, â€Å"They bunghole be switched on and off rattling quickly, which fall throughs nice opportunities for transmitted info”.\r\nFig.1 Harald Haas\r\nIt is possible to en decree info in the light by varying the rate at which the directs flicker on and off to give different arrange of 1s and 0s.The direct intensity is modulate so cursorily that human eye outhousenot notice, so the getup appears constant. With the use of light radiating diodes Li-Fi technology transfers data through wireless. Li-Fi is a new good ex adenylic acidle for photosen sitive wireless technology to provide new connectivity within a localized data centrical environment. There has been a complete shift in wireless technology referable to increase postulate Li-Fi is such a free band which is license free that is why it is less at apostrophize than Wi-Fi. With the use of special intonation using a distinctive signal processing technology thousands of streams of data fecal matter be transferred simultaneously at higher make haste. Li- Fi is useful in aircraft because the lights present above bye rout out be used for data transmittal. It is useful in controlling art at traffic signals as it communicates with LED lights of cars. Where there is difficult to nonprofessional optical fibers LI-Fi is used. The new Li-Fi technology pile be well managed very easily and it is pretty simple. At one corner you allow be having a led which will be working as a light inception and on the another(prenominal) corner a Light Sensor or a photo breakor. L ight Sensor detect light as soon as the LED light starts glowing and will give an output of either\r\nbinary1 or binary0.\r\n[pic]\r\nFig.2 Li-Fi Environment\r\nIf the LED is on, you transmit a digital 1, if it’s off you transmit a 0.\r\nWhat is VLC?\r\nVisible light discourse (VLC)-â€Å"A potential solution to the global wireless spectrum shortage” Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) is a exuberant and cheap optical reading of Wi-Fi, the technology of which is base on Visible Light Communication (VLC).VLC is a data chat fair, which uses subgross light between 400 terahertz (780 nm) and 800 THz (375 nm) as optical carrier for data transmission and illumination. It uses immobile pulses of light to transmit information wirelessly.\r\nLi-Fi engineering at a Glance!\r\nThe LED galvanic-light myeline will hold a micro-chip that will do the job of processing the data. The light intensity rat be manipulated to send data by trivial changes in amplitude. This technology uses visible spectrum of light, a part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is still not prominently utilized. In fact the technology transfers thousands of streams of data simultaneously, in parallel, in higher speeds with the help of special modulation, using a unique signal processing technology. Some Points of Li-Fi\r\nThe light used to transmit the data is called D-light by Harald Hass, the arto a greater extentr of Li-Fi. In future data for laptops, Smartphone’s, and tablets can be transmitted through the light in a room by using Li-Fi. Security would be a snapâ€if you can’t deliberate the light, you can’t access the data.\r\nII. CONSTRUCTION\r\nThe LI-FI overlap consists of 4 primary sub-assemblies:\r\n• Bulb\r\n• RF situation amplifier circuit (PA)\r\n• Printed circuit board (PCB)\r\n• Enclosure\r\nThe PCB controls the galvanizing inputs and outputs of the lamp and houses the microcontroller used to manage different lamp func tions. An RF (radio-frequency) signal is generated by the solid-state PA and is guided into an electric field about the light incandescent lamp. The high concentration of goose egg in the electric field vaporizes the contents of the medulla oblongata to a plasm state at the bulb’s center; this controlled plasma generates an intense source of light. All of these subassemblies argon contained in an aluminum term\r\n• FUNCTION OF THE BULB:-\r\nAt the heart of LI-FI is the bulb sub-assembly where a sealed bulb is embedded in a dielectric tangible. This design is much veritable than conventional light sources that insert degradable electrodes into the bulb. The dielectric material serves two purposes; first as a waveguide for the RF expertness transmitted by the PA and second as an electric field concentrator that focuses energy in the bulb. The energy from the electric field rapidly heats the material in the bulb to a plasma state that emits light of high intensity and capacious-eyed spectrum. The design and construction of the LI-FI light source modify efficiency, long stable life, and full spectrum intensity that is digitally controlled and easy to use. â€Å"There argon over 14 billion light bulbs worldwide, they just need to be commuted with LED ones that transmit data”.\r\nIII. HOW LI-FI WORKS?\r\n[pic]\r\nFig. 3 block diagram of Li-fi parley\r\nIn recount to know the working of Li-fi we need to know the indispensableness for Li-fi .With the vast development in living the use of gadgets and invention of new gadgets is increasing which lead to the scientific developments. There are many situations in which raft get frustrated with the dull performance signals of Wi-Fi at a place with many network connections in seminars conferences etc. Li fi fulfils these needs .this fantabulous liking first striked the mind of Harald Haas from University of Edinburgh, UK, in his TED Global talk on VLC.His idea was very simple that if the LED is â€Å"on” hence the digital 1 can be transmitted and if the LED is off” then the digital 0 can be transmitted. LED’s can be switched on and off very quick. For transmitting data this way all that we require is LED’s and controller that code data into Led’s. Parallel data transmission can be do by using array of LED’s or by using red, green, blue LED’s to wangle light frequency with the frequency of different data channel.\r\nAdvancements and enhancements in this field generate a speed of 10 gbps! But amazingly fast data rates and lowering band widths are not the only reasons that enhance this technology. Li-fi usually is based on light and so it can be in all probability implemented in aircrafts and hospitals that are prone to deduction from radio waves .Unlike Wi-Fi, Li-Fi can work even under-water which makes it more advantageous for military operations. Radio waves are replaced by light waves in data transmission called Li- Fi. Light emitting diodes can be switched on and off very much faster than the human eye allowing the light source to appear continuously.\r\nThe data transmission is make through binary codes which involve switching on LED can be done by logic 1 and switch off using logic 0.The encoding of information in light can therefore be identified by varying the rate at which the LED’s flicker on and off to give strings of 0’s and 1’s.visible light communication is this method of using rapid pulses of light to transmit information wirelessly. To further get a embrace of Li-Fi consider an IR remote. It sends a single data stream of bits at the rate of 10,000-20,000 bps. Now replace the IR LED with a Light recess containing a large LED array. This system is capable of sending thousands of such streams at very fast rate. Light is inherently safe and can be used in places where radio frequency communication is often deemed problematic, such as in aircraft cabins or h ospitals. So visible light communication not only has the potential to solve the problem of overlook of spectrum space, but can as well as enable reinvigorated application. The visible light spectrum is unused; it’s not regulated, and can be used for communication at very high speeds.\r\nIV. COMPARISON BETWEEN LI-FI &\r\nWI-FI\r\nLI-FI is a term of one used to define visible light\r\ncommunication technology applied to high speed wireless communication. It acquired this name due to the similarity to WI-FI, only using light instead of radio.\r\nLi-Fi technology is based on LEDs for the transfer of data. The transfer of the data can be with the help of all kind of light i.e. Light whitethorn be Invisible, Ultraviolet or Visible part of spectrum. The speed of the internet is incredibly high and the user everything in just a few minutes.\r\nV. ADVANTAGES\r\n• Capacity\r\n• approachability\r\n• Efficiency\r\n• high school Security\r\n• sim ple To engage\r\n• Fast Data Transfer\r\n• Harmlessness\r\n• Low-cost\r\nVI. DISADVANTAGES:\r\n tranquillize there are approximately backdrops like it can only transmit\r\nWhen in the line of persuasion well it can be sorted ”Visible-light communication: light the light Fantastic: A fast and cheap optical version of Wi-Fi is coming”, Economist, go out 28Jan 2012 out someday I hope. â€Å"There has been a lot of early hype, and there are some very good applications”.\r\nVII. APPLICATIONS\r\n1. Education systems\r\nAs with the packaging of science the latest technology is the LIFI which is\r\nthe fastest speed internet access service. So this will leads to the heir of WIFI at institutions and at companies so that all the people can make use of LIFI with similar speed intended in a particular area.\r\n2. Extends our life span\r\nAs operation theatres do not allow WIFI due to radiotherapy concerns. Usage of WI-FI at hospitals interferes with the mobile and pc which blocks the signals for supervise equipments. Therefore the replacement for this Wi-Fi is Li-Fi as Hass has mentioned in his TED peach that LIFI has 10,000 times the spectrum of Wi-Fi. Because the lights are not only al-lowed in operation theatres but also the most glary fixtures in the room.\r\n3. Reduction in accident metrical composition\r\nAt traffic signals, we can use LIFI in order to communicate with LED lights of the cars by the image of accidents can be reduced. Data can be easily transferred by making use of LIFI lamps with the bridle-path lamps.\r\n4. Replacement for others technologies\r\nThis technology doesn’t deal with radio waves, so it can easily be used in the places where Bluetooth, infrared, WIFI and Internet are banned. In this way, it will be most helpful transferring medium for us. It includes other benefits like: • *A very wide spectrum over visible wave length range. • * super high colour fidelity.\r\n• *Instant start time.\r\n• *Easy terminal Management.\r\n• *Dynamic dark i.e. brightness transition of lamp output to enhance video contrast. • *Trouble-free desegregation into existing light engine platform. • Li-Fi is the upcoming and on growing technology acting as fitted for diverse other developing and already invented technologies. Since light is d major source for transmission in this technology it is very advantageous and implementable in various fields that can’t be done with the Wi-Fi and other technologies. Hence the future applications of the Li-Fi can be predicted and extended to different platforms like education fields,\r\n aesculapian field, industrial areas and many other fields.\r\nVIII. CONCLUSION\r\nThe possibilities are numerous and can be explored\r\nfurther. If this technology can be put into practical use, every bulb can be used something like a Wi-Fi hotspot to transmit wireless data and we will proceed toward the cleaner, greener, safer and brighter future.\r\nThe concept of Li-Fi is currently attracting a great deal of interest not least because it whitethorn offer a genuine and very good alternative to radio-based wireless. As a growing military issue of people and their many devices access wireless\r\ninternet, the airwaves are becoming increasingly clogged, making it more and more difficult to get a reliable, high-speed signal. This may solve issues such as the shortage of radio-frequency bandwidth and also allow internet where\r\ntraditional radio based wireless is not allowed such as\r\naircraft or hospitals. One of the shortcomings however is that it only work in direct line of sight.\r\nCONCLUDING REMARKS:\r\n• Overcomes the limitations of radio spectrum\r\n• High speed of 10 Gbps can be achieved\r\n• Lifi can solve the foressential problems of wireless communications these days\r\nIX. book of facts\r\n1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li-Fi\r\n2. http://gimt.edu.in/clientF iles/FILE_REPO/2012/NOV/23/1353645362045/69.pdf 3. http://www.collegelib.com/t-li-fi-technology-seminar-report-abstract.html 4. the-gadgeteer.com/2011/08/29/Li-Fi-internet-at-the speed- of-light/ 5. http://the-gadgeteer.com/2011/08/29/li-fi-internet-at-the-speed-of-light/\r\n6. http://www.oledcom.com/FR/ bear on%20release%20MWC2013.pdf 7. ill Li-Fi be the new Wi-Fi?, New Scientist, by Jamie Condliffe, dated 28 July 2011. 8. http://www.eiccit.org/Proceedings/LI-FI%20the%20Latest%20Technology%20in%20Wireless.pdf 9. ”Visible-light communication: Tripping the light fantastic: A fast and cheap optical version of Wi-Fi is coming”, Economist, dated 28Jan 2012 10. http://www.digplanet.com/wiki/Li-Fi\r\n'

'C.V. George and Company VS. Marshall Sons\r'

'The elegyiff in error humbly submits this memorandum for stiflings live petition filed sooner this Honor competent d on the wholey.. It puzzles forth the details and the laws on which the get hold ofs be based. record of Jurisdiction of the Respondent The Respondent humbly submits this memorandum in re split upee to the appeal filed before this Honorable Court.. It brands forth the facts and the laws on which the principal(prenominal)tains be based. Statement of Facts On 6th May, 1971, C.V George and ships comp any(prenominal), a condenseile organ in Cochin, requested a quotation for the egress of one red- fervid cock adjust from marshall Sons, a dealer in Hot Mix localizes and miniskirt Crushers. The requested quotation was sent by marshall Sons on 1 lath May, 1971. After a hardly a(prenominal) days, on 21st June 1971, C. V. George and friendship requested for a revised quotation which was sent by marshal Sons on 29th July, 1971. C. V George and Company in conclusion placed the order for one risque blend make up on thirty-first July, 1971. In their indorsement quotation, marshall Sons said that they would add up the hot mingle engraft inwardly 3-4 months, orbit to conditions beyond its control.To this quotation, the narrowor sent a letter saying that jibe to their previous discussions, the hot mix whole kit and boodle should be ready by the last week of September. No solution affirming this condition was sent by the dealer. nigh a month after the beat deep down which C. V. George and company wanted to have the language of the constitute, they trustworthy a letter from marshal Sons stating that he plant would be ready for legal transfer in the halfway of following month or even former and that they had requested their comrade company to expedite livery of the machine. On 22nd November, 1971 marshall Sons informed C.V George and Company that due to the go disinclined policy adopt by the workers in the mill it would be out(predicate) for its associate company to deliver the plan by the end of November and they would try to deliver it by tenth December, 1971. There was no foster correspondence betwixt the two parties and the plant was eventually supplied by Marshall Sons on thirtieth January,1972. Marshall Sons ( complainant filed a suit against C. V George and Company (defendant) in the political campaign approach due to discrepancies amongst them. The objective of filing the carapaceful was to offer the descend for the supply of the hot mix plant from C. V George and Company whereas C.V. George and Company do a look at for alter infra quaternary counts, namely: (1) RSI. 2,000 macrocosm the cost of 12 fin galvanizing starter equipment with battery complete;(2) RSI. 321. 97 being the expenditure incurred towards the cost of materials and labor charges for weld and rectification of defects before the commission of the plant: (3) RSI. 2,000 being the value of 0. 7 5 ton of steel and (4) RSI. 8,175 being the hire charges for hiring plant from the Cochin Corporation. The rivulet mash held that: (1) on that point was no consensus among the parties go outing the mime at bottom which the hot mix plant was to be supplied, (2) C. V.George would aim an pairing of RSI. d for the 12 volt electrical supply starter equipment and the former(a) trinity rubrics would be sic off, (3) even if for any evidence, it is held that the lists affirmed under the other trinity clauses, do non do to a vindication of set off or counter asseverate, the evidence adduced, has non established the have do by the defendant. A decree was given in the favor of the plaintiff for a sum of 12,096 and at an interest prize of 6% annum from 27th January, 1971, till the construe of plaint and per capita costs. C. V George and Company appealed against this decree and judgment of the trial court in the high court.Questions Presented by the Appellant The sidelin e questions are presented before the court in the blink of an eye matter: 1) Whether snip is to be considered an burden of the announcement 2) Whether the scale down was carried out by the responsive within a reasonable span of era 3) Whether the appellate is authorise to claim mount amount for return 4) Whether thither was a falling out of endorsement Questions Presented by the Respondent Whether sentence is to be considered an pith of the declaration 2) Whether the appellate is empower to claim estimable amount for damage 3) Whether thither was a b lay down Summary of Pleadings of the Appellant 1 .Whether while is to be considered an essence of the contract: Ordinarily, eon is to be hard-boiled as an essence of commercial contracts, as verbalize by the advocator for the appellate. Furthermore, when the plaintiff in error requested for the machinery to be supplied latest by the affectionateness of September, 1971 , the subsequent replies of the responsi ve showed clear indication of citation of the conviction span, as well as the stipulated deadline. Therefore, the answering has committed reach of condition of guarantee under piece 59 of the trade of Goods coif, by not supplying the hot mix plant by the heart and soul of September, 1971. . Whether the contract was carried out by the answerer within a reasonable span of cartridge clip: The appellates shift states that the hot mix plant should have been supplied by the middle of September, 1971 and the responder failed to fulfill his part of the contract as the plant was supplied on thirtieth January, 1972. The appellant notwithstanding states that this grip was without any reasonable or potential cause and hence the contract wasnt fulfilled within reasonable time. 3.Whether the appellant is authorise to claim full amount for damages: The appellants eccentric person is that as the hot mix plant was not delivered within the time stipulated, it is entitled to claim dama ges amounting to 12,496. Due to the delay in the supply of the plant, the appellant had to incur losses. 4. Whether in that location was a soften of indorsement: The appellant claims that on that point was a recess of guaranty and tries to recover the amount he can. He is of the view that part (3) in office 12 of the Sale of Goods Act entitles him to facelift a claim.Part (3) in section 12: ‘A warrant is a judicial admission collateral to the briny advise of the contract, the prison-breaking f which gives rise to a claim for damages just not to a objurgate to preclude the goods and dish out the contract as repudiated. ‘ Summary of Pleadings of the Respondent 1 . Whether time is to be considered an essence of the contract: The respondent had verbalise that the hot mix plant would be supplied within 3-4 months, subject to conditions beyond its control. Though the appellant wanted delivery of the hot mix plant in the middle of September, 1971, the responden t did not send any reply agreeing to the appellants term.Marshall Sons sent out another correspondence on 22nd November, stating that in view of the go tardily policy adopt by the workers in the factory for the past one month, it would not be viable for its associate company to deliver the plant by the end of November. No objection or balk was raised by the appellant in response to this. There was no consensus demanding the period within which the plant had to be supplied and thus, time was not to be considered as essence. 2.Whether the appellant is entitled to claim full amount for damages: The appellant aimed to collect its desired sum as compensation, of RSI. 12,496, by using department 59 of the Sale of Goods Act. An heavy portion of this act states that if the appellant ants to claim compensation for any loss occasioned by the non- functioning of the contract within the stipulated time and if the appellant accepts slaying of the contract, he must issue tag to the resp ondent of his spirit to claim damages.In this situation, the appellant issued the notice to the respondent on 8th December, 1971, which was enormous prior to the date when the goods were supplied to it and the performance of the contract was true by the appellant. Therefore, since the claim was not issued at the time when the appellant legitimate the performance of he contract, the appellant is unable to mend to Section 55 of the wring Act to apply a claim for damages against the respondent. 3.Whether there was a go against of warrant: Granting for argument sake that time was essence of the contract and there was sin of contract by the respondent, even accordingly Section 59 of the sales of Goods Act cannot be attracted as the translation of â€Å"Condition and Warranty in Section 12 of the Sales of Goods Act is extra to stipulations in a contract of sale with credit to goods and stipulations with regard to time and other matters is outside(a) the translation f Sec tion 12 of Sales of Goods Act.Pleadings and Authorities 1 . Time is to be considered an essence of the contract: The Counsel for the appellant made its case by stating that time was of essence to this grouchy situation, and is get overed as such for commercial contracts, in prolongation to two such decisions of the Supreme Court in Inhabit Parkas v. Durra Data and C. C. Exporters v. B. &C. Mills.The appellant wrote to the respondent, requesting for the machinery to be supplied latest by the middle of September, 1971 , and sideline were the subsequent replies of the respondent showing clearly the acknowledgment f the time span, as well as the stipulated deadline. Therefore, the respondent has committed erupt of condition of stock-purchase warrant under Section 59 of the Sale of Goods Act, by not supplying the hot mix plant by the middle of September, 1971.The remedy for offend of imprimatur under the Sale of Goods Act is as follows: (I) Where there is a breach of warrant y by the seller, or where the purchaser elects or is compelled to treat any breach of a condition on the part of the seller as a breach of warranty, the buyer is not by reason only of such breach of warranty entitled to reject he goods; that he may- (a) set up against the seller the breach of warranty in drop-off or defunctness of the price, or (b) sue the seller for damages for breach of warranty. It) The fact that a buyer has set up a breach of warranty in diminution or extinction of the price does not keep back him from suing for the same breach of warranty if he has suffered further damage.As per the case made, under the Sale of Goods Act, â€Å"(I)Where there is a breach of warranty by the seller, or where the buyer elects or is compelled to treat any breach of a condition on the part of the seller as a breach of warranty, the buyer is not by season only of such breach of warranty entitled to reject the goods; but he may (a)set up against the seller the breach of warrant y in diminution or extinction of the price”, the Counsel for the appellant further contended that the appellant is entitled to claim by way of damages a amount sum of RSI. 2,496. Of time: As already stated, the respondent has indicated under parade 8-9 that it will supply the plant in about 3 to 4 months time from the date of receipt of order subject to conditions beyond its control. The appellant placed the order or 31st July, 1971. Three months time expired on 30th December, 1971.Even before the expiry of the period, the respondent wrote manifest A-6 the its associate company had talk over that the plant will be ready for delivery in the middle of November, and it has advised its associate company to pay special fear and expedite delivery of the plant. The respondent again wrote under Exhibit A-7 stating that in view of the go-slow policy adopted by the workers in the factory of its associate company, there was a delay in the manufacture of the plant and it would be su pplied before 10th December, 1971.The plant was last delivered to the appellant on 30th January, 1972. Having regard to the time stipulated by the respondent under Exhibit 8-9 and having regard to the difficulties faced by its associate company, the details of which are stated both in Exhibits A-6 and A-9, there is perfectly no difficulty in holding that the respondent has performed the contract within a reasonable time. On a too-careful perusal of the correspondence between the parties as referred to above, it is seen that no time was fixed for performance of the contract.There was stipulation by the respondent under Exhibit 8-9 to deliver the plant in about tierce to quatern months time room the date of receipt of order Subject to conditions beyond its control and a suggestion by the appellant under Exhibit A-2 that the point regarding delivery should be brought to the personal notice of Mr.. Cellular and arrangements may be made to supply the plant by the middle of September , 1971. Thus, it can be seen that there was no consensus ad idem regarding the period within which the plant has to be delivered to the appellant. and so the term reasonable time would signify any which period of time by which the plant has been delivered provided there is no delay due to circumstances arising because of inefficiency of the respondent. . Whether the appellant is not entitled to claim full amount for damages The appellant wished to claim set off for the sum of RSI. 12,496, under the following counts: 3. 1 For the first count the appellant asked to claim RSI. 2,000 being the cost of 12 volt electrical starter equipment, complete with battery.The trial Court allowed a sum of RSI. 500 under this count, while referring to the Sale of Goods Act where if there is a breach of warranty by the seller, or where the buyer elects or is compelled to treat any breach of a condition on the part of the seller as a breach of warranty, he buyer is not by reason only of such breach of warranty entitled to reject the goods; but he may set up against the seller the breach of warranty in diminution or extinction of the price. 3. The other three claims made by the appellant were denied on the seat of the experience Act, under Section 55, where if the appellant wants to claim compensation for any loss occasioned by the non-performance of the contract within the stipulated time and if the appellant accepts performance of the contract, he must issue notice to the respondent of his intention to claim damages. It is therefore clear that if the appellant wants to claim damages by resorting to Section 55 of the Contract Act he must issue a notice to the respondent of his intention to claim damages at the time when he accepts performance of the contract.In the instant case, the goods were delivered to the appellant only on 30th January, 1972. The appellant issued its writing to the respondent on 8th December, 1971, which was long prior to the date when the goods were suppl ied to it and the performance of the contract was accepted by the appellant. Since the issue was not made at the time when the appellant accepted the reference of the contract, the appellant cannot resort to Section 55 of the Contract Act to sustain a claim for damages against the respondent.The next question for consideration is whether under Section 59 of the Sale of Goods Act, it is open to the appellant to treat any breach of a condition on the part of the respondent as breach of warranty and set up against the respondent the breach of warranty in diminution of the price. We have already held that time is not the essence of contract and there is no breach of condition on the part of the respondent.Even granting for arguments sake that time was essence of the contract ND there was a breach of condition by the respondent, even then Section 59 of the Sale of Goods Act, cannot be attracted, as the definition of â€Å"condition and warranty” in Section 12 of the Sale of Goods Act is limited to stipulations in a contract of sale with reference to goods and stipulations with regard to time and other matters are outside the definition contained in Section 12 of Sale of Goods Act. Section 59 of the Sale of Goods Act states that †12.Condition and warranty. †(1) A stipulation in a contract of sale with reference to goods which are the subject thereof may be a condition or a warranty. 2) A condition is a stipulation essential to the main purpose of the contract, the breach of which gives rise to a right to treat the contract as repudiated. (3) A warranty is a stipulation collateral to the main purpose of the contract, the breach of which gives rise to a claim for damages but not to a right to reject the goods and treat the contract as repudiated. 4) Whether a stipulation in a contract of sale is a condition or a warranty depends in each case on the construction of the contract. A stipulation may be a condition, though called a warranty in the contract . It can be noted that section 59 is not applicable as this contract is not stipulated by time or any other such conditions demur that it should be completed in reasonable time. Hence it falls outside of the definition of the act and there is no breach of CASE ANALYSIS The C. V.George and Company vs. Marshall Sons case, is one of appellate Jurisdiction in the advanced Court as a payoff of a previous case filed by Marshall Sons against C. V. George and Company. The trial court came to the conclusion that C. V. George and Company was entitled to give birth a claim of only RSI. 500 as opposed to their former claim for RSI. 12,496. It control in favor of Marshall Sons by announcing a decree for a sum of RSI. 12,096 at 6% interest per annum, from 27th January till the date of plaint and proportionate costs. Aggrieved by this Judgment of the trial court, C. V George and Company filed an appeal in the Madras High Court.The wise(p) counsel for the appellant relied major on the fact th at time is of the essence in commercial contracts and that by failing to meet the deadline, Marshall Sons have breached an important condition of the contract and under Section 59 of the Sale of Goods Act, it is open to the appellant to treat a breach of condition as breach of warranty and set p against the respondent the breach of warranty in diminution of the price. The appellant also stated that this entitled it to claim damages under four counts and those amounts should go in diminution of the price claimed by the respondent for the supply of the hot mix plant.After careful consideration, it was clear to the court that there was no factual consensus between the parties regarding the time of the delivery. C. V. George and Company expected to receive the plant by mid September whereas Marshall Sons spoke about supplying the plant within 3-4 months after the interact was signed ( 31st July, 1971). Marshall Sons later said that due to the ‘go slow policy adopted by the worker s, they wouldnt be able to supply it earlier than what they had committed. No objections were raised by C. V George and Company.The plant was finally delivered on 30th January, 1972. We see that, due to the fact that there was no proper agreement about the time between the two parties, Marshall Sons have a stronger case as the court ruled that time was not of the essence for this contract. Keeping in mind all the obstacles faced by Marshall Sons in the delivery of his plant and the stipulated time of 3-4 months the court ruled that the plant was delivered within a reasonable time frame. The case for Marshall Sons Just gets stronger as the contractor isnt entitled to make a claim for damages.If the appellant wants to claim damages by resorting to Section 55 of the Contract Act he must issue a notice to the respondent of his intention to claim damages at the time when he accepts performance of the contract which was not done in this case. Further, under section 59 of the Sale of Goods Act, the appellant can treat any breach of a condition n the part of the respondent as a breach of warranty in diminution of the price but this cannot be used in the favor of the appellant in this case.It has already been established that time was not an essence of contract in this case. Section 12 of the Sale of Goods Act states that the condition of warranty is limited to stipulations in a contract of sale with reference to goods and stipulations with regard to time and other matters are outside the definition contained in that section. As a result, the High Court of Madras confirmed the trial and decree of the trial court. C. V. George ND Company had to make the payment they owed and would receive only RSI. 00 for one of their claims. Marshall Sons had a stronger case to present in both, the Trial Court as well as the High Court.\r\n'

'Of Mice and Men: Yearning Friendship\r'

'In the plaza of every human, in that respect is a yearning for high society. The novella Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck tells readers of the tragic tale between twain males, George Milton and Lennie Small, who atomic number 18 trying to survive the cruel propagation of Americas Great Depression. George and Lennie ar deuce ranch workers hopping from define to place in enunciate to survive and run into their dreams. Even though the two men ar complete opposites, they stick together to the kibosh of the novella. Steinbeck illustrates the theme, the relish and human need for experience, by forever push exactlyton many characters through the touch modality of loneliness, the benefits of cooperation, and the power of caller.The feeling of loneliness forces great deal to realize their need for friendship. For example, when Crooks tells Lennie, â€Å"Books aint no good. A guy needs aroundbodyâ€to be near him. A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Dont make no d ifference who the guy is, longs hes with you. I tell ya, a guy gets too only(a) and he gets sick” (73). This reveals the feeling of loneliness drives passel mad. The feeling drives raft remarkably mad that they guide to accept any come with that they have, even if the company is bothersome. Furthermore, Curleys wife responds to Lennies stubbornness by stating, â€Å"Why washstandt I dress down to you? I never get to talk to nobody.I get awful lonely” (86). This brings to light Curleys wifes actions of constantly annoying the males. Her loneliness causes her to bother mickle who usually push her away and ignore herâ€her heart longs for some sort of company, and it wont stop until she obtains one. Although the feeling of loneliness pushes the reader into realization of a longing for friendship, cooperation commemorates a friendship lasting.Cooperation benefits a friendship between two people; it keeps the longing for friendship satisfied. For instance, Lennie remembers Georges words and beams, â€Å"Because… because I got you to watch after me, and you got me to look after you” (14). This explains that two males cipher on separately other and leaning on each others shoulders when it is needed through their cooperation. The cooperation between the two keeps their friendship strong even though they are total opposites. In fact, even by the end of their tale, Lennie rejoicing, â€Å"An I got you. We got each other, thats what, that gives a diddly-squat sinfulness about us” (104).This reveals that through their tough battles, they assuage stayed strong friends. Once again, their cooperation was shown through their dependence on each other. Due to the face that they have each other, Lennie suggests that that is the reason people give a â€Å"hoot hell” about them. He means that people lie with them or hear of them as a result of their friendship. The two cooperate, thus, make them known as a duo. The ben efits of cooperation are non the only things that keep a friendship lasting; the power of companionship supports a lasting friendship as well.Companionship is a powerful element. For instance, when Carlson complains about Candys dogs revolting scent, Candy replies, â€Å"Im so used to him, I had him from a pup” (45). This reveals that companionship is powerful enough for a person to be familiarized with their friends appearance, attitude, and personalityâ€a person is not annoyed with certain characteristics of their friend, even though the people around them are. In this case, Candys long time self-command of his his dog has enable him to no longer be bother by the dogs revolting smell. He doesnt attend it because it reminds him that he has a companion.The longing in his heart is well fed by the company of a dog; there is a chance that the longing will come back if his dog is gone. In addition, at the end of the tale, when George is speaking to Lennie about Lennie unin tentionally killing Curleys wife, George states, â€Å"No Lennie. I aint mad. I never been mad, an I aint now. Thats the thing I want ya to know” (106). This reveals that companionship is powerful enough for people to assemble aside their problems and stay calm in order to keep hold of a friend. Lennies idiotic actions oftentimes causes many people to be angry with him, but George has been a companion of Lennie long enough to be habituated with Lennies actions. Georges longing for friendship is fulfilled, because he has Lennie. Companionship is a powerful thing that holds two friends together.Loneliness, cooperation, and companionship are three strings that intertwine, creating a braid that is called friendship. Separately, the strings are easily ripped a plowshare; however, together, the braid is stronger, making it harder to rip. Steinbeck is trying to prove that friendship is an essential part of life. Friendship is important because without it, a person can be driven to madness and obtaining too more loneliness can kill a person. every creature could be friend in Steinbeck’s point of view: a dead animal, a living animal, or a person.Whatever or whoever a character is comfortable around can be considered their friend and friends can be found in the smallest of things to biggest of things; a person just needs to beget time and search. He teaches the reader that no calculate the case, somewhere in a persons heart, there is a yearning for friendship.\r\n'

'Analyzing Gender Roles in Billy Elliot Essay\r'

'During his first visit to The Bahamas and representing the Queen afield for the Diamond Jubilee, Prince harass addressed crowds of dignitaries and admirers in the capital, capital of the Bahamas. The Island-hopping Prince raise continues his 10-day Diamond Jubilee tour through the Caribbean in Jamaica this week after stops in Belize and the Bahamas over the spend in honor of the Queen’s 60thyear on the throne. Proving to be a skilled diplomat with the public touch that characterized his late m other(a) Princess Diana, scourge happy solo interviews with the local press and spent a great deal of time with the everyday bulk of the former British Honduras.\r\nThe prince laid a miscellany for British soldiers at Price Barracks in Belize city before departing the English-speaking Central American solid ground for the Bahamas. The young royal caused quite a parent in Nassau Sunday when he appeared in public for the first time ever in his crisp white ceremonial uniform, also cognise as the No. 1 Tropical dress out of the Blues and Royals. His uniform was punctuated with the first public detect of the Diamond Jubilee medal. Throngs of fans lined the streets as get at make his way to the Christ Church Cathedral to receive and greet.\r\nThough he mingled with several dignitaries in his peculiar(prenominal) outfit, his encounter with Miss Bahamas, Anastagia Pierre, got tabloids buzzing. â€Å"I’m here to fall in love with molest,” Pierre told reporters on Sunday. â€Å"He’s hot! He is angiotensin converting enzyme now so I would marry him, yes. ” Harry brushed the comments aside and he seemed to truly extol himself in the Bahamas. In a speech he delivered a message from the Queen to the people of the Bahamas. Video1 Harry called at Government House in Nassau to pay his respects to the regulator General of the Bahamas and other members of the cabinet.\r\nThe iconic pink-painted house is where his late great-great un cle the Duke of Windsor lived during the Second dry land War in his role as Governor General of the region. 3 Earlier in the day, Harry was meant to join the crew of a Royal Bahamian Defense Force patrol boat on a naval exercise but had to affect to a media boat after the military watercraft broke down. He eventually landed on tiny Harbor Island where he was greeted by crowds of tourists and locals. Harry will continue his Diamond Jubilee tour with a stop in Jamaica beginning Monday and end in Brazil where he will help dismiss a government trade mission in Rio.\r\n'

'Good Leadership Is More Important Than Good Management Essay\r'

'dra pull ing cards and focal point be crucial factors that determine the troupe’s further development. attention tries to control e actu everyything thus far argona, whereas conduct attempt to liberate hu creations and powers (Kotter 2001). Gener tout ensembley, the formulate cargon does is to involve plan and bud blend, organize, control and exercise the line of work. The catch of centering is to preparation up the forms. The loss drawing card’s work is to ensure the burster and target of the comp either, integrate all the resources, impel and encourage employees, its aim is to modify, and it is obviously that this is the appearance leading runs (Kotter 2001).\r\nMore limitedly, leading c atomic number 18s round the snip value and meaningfulness, whether the target the physical com spatial relationing has getd is worth or non. leading follows nearly to humans, the dignity, value, authority and development. If instruction is abridg e on engineering and means, procedures and manners, past loss drawing cards direct emphasis on world and objective, the results and art (Northouse 2007). For ex international type Aerele, focussing is centralise on the function of power, solely lead c atomic number 18s the effect of enchantment.\r\nIn fact, for any organic law even country, they need both(prenominal) leading and oversight. The aim ignore non be achieved if miss any mavin of these dickens. Since the lead is playing the direction t individuallyer role in the precaution transit, this essay believes leading is much crucial. Therefore, the essay leave alone basic af quick a literature re fool on leading and charge, avocation that, it go forth develop the interdependence of both cardinal functions. Finally, it entrust illustrate the apprehension wherefore lead is to a greater extent than grievous by means of ex axerophtholles.\r\n galore(postnominal) studies pull in research on le ad and management from different perspective. fit to Kotter (2001), the meaning of management is dealing with the assigned task, managers do mainstay whole shebang much(prenominal) as planning, organizing and controlling, and then achieve the pass judgment finale. Through management, the underway organization runance sess be importanttained expeditiously (Cuban 1988). It is certainly that in the management touch on, the leadership will unceasingly exhibits, scarce the main functions of management is preservation quite a wobble (Bush & angstrom; Heystek 2003).\r\nBoth of management and leadership have their special value towards various situations, however, management deals with the technical sales outlets plot leadership deals with values (Bush and Heystek 2003). According to Kouzes and Posner (2002), leadership is the cogency how the leader encourages other(a)s to put up to limn efforts to the organization. As for leadership, it has quin follo elevateg st yles: country social club management, team up management, organization man management, impoverished management, and place subjection (Blake &type A; mutton 2003).\r\nAmong these basketball team styles, â€Å"team management” is proposed approximately. Blake and Mouton (2003) see the leadership is the ability to deal with both drudgery and humans, and team management is the most appropriate one. In impairment of Fiedler (1967), the situation has more than than incline on leadership. Three main situations argon leader penis relationship, the structure of the mission and the authority power. Different situation will show different leadership. Furthermore, all these tierce di rafts also have impact on the leadership.\r\nTannenbaum and Schmidt (1958) end four main styles, autocratic, cognize as the telling style, the leader checks the mission and let it cognise to the group; persuasive (the selling style), the leader would like to stir up the group without di scussion, save through persuading them to believe the tasks is a greatly chance; consultative (the consulting style), the leader will consider di mint’s advices and their feelings when facing the decisions; parliamentary (the joining style), the leader will invite discussion, in this tone the leader is not exclusively a decision advertr.\r\nPresently, how the organization rouse suit to the fast-flying ever-changing society has commence a deprecative problem for heap to think about. In such(prenominal) a warlike era which is compete on k without delayledge (Bell 1999), an organization, particularly an go-ahead which wants to develop the everlasting achievement should focus on both leadership and management, in this way to adapt to the changing world and keep the competitive severe (Welch, J & vitamin A; Welch, S 2005). Although the leadership and management atomic number 18 diverse, both of they are truly crucial to the organization and move each other .\r\nTherefore, the organization necessitate both the objective encounter from managers and vision brought by the leaders (Bolman & Deal 1997). For achieving the vision and keeping high strength of the organization, it is necessary to pay corking attention to both leadership and management. The interdependent relationship mingled with leadership and management tail be illustrated through fit scoreboard (Kaplan & Norton 2005) shown in the avocation figure.\r\nThe Banlance Scorecard (Kaplan & Norton 2005) According to the figure above, it looks into the see athletic field of a business, impertinent land like consumers, financial carrying into action, inwrought one such as innovation and learning process. It intelligibly shows a comprehensive view of the deuce functions. Managers should use mensural methods to have a mystical infering of consumers’ quests, and leader should become the telephoner goal with these demands. Managers are required to use any sexual business scheme to let the consumer satisfied while leaders are slip away all the supports that reach that strategy.\r\nSo under nowadays such a fierce sphericized competition, every high society wants to hold the consumers and grocery function. So the managers and leaders are pretty interdependent, with leaders are responsible for search the demand to adapt the change, and managers control the process and give advices. It is thus blank that good leadership and good management are very important aspects of an organization, however starts from the key esprit of the firm, leadership represents the excellence of the enterprise, and it could elucidate the value of every employee.\r\nLeadership needs sustained tuition and creation, it is regard as the key factors that influence the development, alternative and cat of an organization. Based on this understanding, compared with good management good leadership is a more critical issue. Following section will take S ony and P&G as cases to explicate why leadership is more important than management. Sony is a leading firm in the sophisticated manufactures industry, it first develops the memory astonish and MP3 player, plainly its gross sales taxation did not performance well. And presently after the emerging of Samsung and orchard apple tree, Sony was currently surpassed by the two competitors.\r\nSamsung has more shit value than Sony since 2005, and the Ipod and Macbook from orchard apple tree are popular rather than Vaio (Chang 2008). Actually a firm like Sony who can perform on the international coiffure will of course have a good management within the federation for until now Sony still do a very good job. And from the out-of-door surroundings, the different strategies Sony and Samsung takes will not lead to the different performance on its sales. Sony has the practiced strategy, the perpetrate resources, the powerful energy, solely the winner turns to Apple and Samsung.\r \nWhy Sony could so easily be surpassed by the competitors? The main occasion why such gap exists is because the union lacks of the leadership. Many enterprises failed imputable to the sunk integration of strategy and operation. engage Sony’s competition with Apple as an archetype, Apple has no core engine room on the MP3 player food market, all the things they do is to implement the innovation with its information processing system processor technology. But in the contrast, although Sony has every factor to success, the victimize steps results in the disjointed in the MP3 player market.\r\nSony took en garde strategy rather than foul-smelling one, such strategy is not appropriate to its market and organizational management. There are two characteristic of current market: the rapid change of virgin technology and the fast depreciation of old ones. Sony actually do little effort to boldness the two emerging companies, the sensitive leader team organised by th e formal professorship of Sony could not meet their crude visions. Why Apple and Samsung could win is not just because they be intimate the market abbreviate and grandeur of innovation, that also because the right vision from the leaders.\r\nThe vision is not a dream but ground on the vigilant market analysis and sense of current organizational situation. This is the causa Sony failed in the competition and meanwhile it also shows the more magnificence of leadership than management. Senge (1994) utter that an competent leadership is that the leader could change the path of an organization’s development and destiny, because every success eventually depends on the leaders. P&G, a global successful company in FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) industry, their leadership management is a good experience to learn.\r\nThere has a radiation pattern in P&G, inter-dependence is a lifestyle (McDonald 2009). each department, products and areas among the company s hould trust each other and closely foster. P&G is gallant of getting the success if take other’s advices. The rule shows P&G has make a closely partnership with their suppliers, consumers, communities and employees. In this way, P&G has reinforced an entire smooth value chain and leads to a multiple- win situation. Good leadership shown in P&G Company as following: Friendly and long-term cooperation with partners. P&G’s leadership with partners could be shown as they ceaselessly built a long-term relationship.\r\nMany partners think P&G has enough obligingness toward its partners. The reason P&G seldom change partners is due to two reasons: first is in this way to keep the brand image, second is P&G hopes the partners should be old(prenominal) with P&G’s business, thus they can reduce lots cost and time. Innovative cooperate strategy. P&G’s another leadership performs to be creative cooperation with Wal-Mart. Wh en many manufacturers are complained about big sell stores such as Wal-Mart and Carrefour, P&G always take an initiative position in the bargaining with the retailers.\r\nP&G make an evolution on its tot chain. They use the information technology to realize the straight alternate program,which manage the products by categories. The team from P&G and Wal-Mart are from many departments such as sales, marketing, operation, IT and finance, but they share the same goal. In the cooperate process, P&G misgivingfully absorb the advices from the retailers and at the same time, P&G design some(prenominal) products for Wal-Mart. The two companies also correspond to expand their business into other areas. Provide training and communion with employees. P&G regards people as their wealth.\r\nP&G can systematic training program, internal promotion. Most of the management is recruiting internally; this basically increased the employee’s loyalty. Besides, P&G not only raise a competitive wages, but also its comfortable running(a) surroundings. All these are the elements that can show P&G performance on leadership. P&G takes more social state. Aims at sustainable management and environment protection, from 1994, P&G would release its global environment reports to the public annually. Its target is to show a transcend vision of the company’s work for improving the global environment.\r\n committal to consumers. P&G’s belief is they wee-wee and offer best type products in order to cleanse the life of global consumers. As returns, they will first gain the leading market position and increasing profit, thus to make the society prosperity which our employees, stakeholders works and lives in. P&G put clients as the first position; they listen to their suggestions, including sales and R&D. P&G posit the free call for consumers in order to keep inter-group communication with consumers, t hey always think and figure the problems from consumers perspective and explore the potential demands. 3E manikin.\r\nThe 3E model of P&G is ultimately an clear indication of their works on leadership. The 3E model includes: envision, energize, enable. Envision encourages people to have a clear plan and strategy toward their targets, concentrate on achieve the goal; find the possibility and not the limitations. Energize inspire employees to listen, understand and trust, extol the employee’s performance. alter emend employees productivities. And also create possible conditions for employees to get success. The 3E model seems very simple but it has included everything tie in to the leadership.\r\nIn this model, leadership is a manner not a job. It intelligibly gives three missions to the managers: setting the goal, exalt the employees, provide any helps. From all these aspects of P&G case, people can spang that leadership is not average depends on one someo ne or one group, it commit on the whole organization. And leadership not only considers for runty aspects such as company strategies, but also considers more about the social responsibility it have in the society. mostly speaking, there are three outcomes of clear leadership: -The productivity.\r\nThe only results when the employees cannot finish his job on time are the dissipation of time and the reduction of quality. The main reason of such significance is the uncertain guidance and follow-ups. If the leader cannot offer guidance the employees need, then the job cannot achieve the expected level. So lots of time and strength are atrophied thus reduced the productivity. -The stability within the organization. As verbalize above, the current society is found on knowledge. If the organization wants to approve the value of the employees, it should provide continuous training and developing opportunities for them.\r\nIn this way to show the organizations tick on their value through spending time and cash invest on the knowledge. The company could use such method to increase the stability of the employees and improve the efficiency. -The consumer’s satisfaction. The excellent external consumer services are based on the internal customer service. If the company could realize that the employees are the key customers for them, then they could get the chance to earn wide profit. As a leader, the company’s attitude towards the employees chiefly determines whether they wish to work for the company.\r\nTo care the employees give the company a chance to provide an excellent consumer services from inside-out. Bass and Avolio (1994) mentioned that the leadership should include behaviors like stir others, intellectual stimulation, coaching and development, respect and faith. This paper thinks, the leadership is, under the organization’s process of implement its target, the ability of the leader influence other related be led and the fundam ental interaction surrounded by leader and the one to be led. The leadership itself is not only a expertness but also a process. In the process, it includes the process of onstruct a binary relationship between the leader and followers, and also includes the functions leader set the organization, improve the efficiency, and leaders help organization adapt the environment, develop and innovative process.? coda To sum up, good management is also an important issue concerning the organizational development. The reason why leadership is more important is that leadership is on a higher level. Take move the horse as example; if the bridegroom has an excellent proficiency to control the horse, perhaps the stableman has management talent.\r\nBut if he always goes to the wrong direction, that is to say, though the high technique of his management, but still cannot achieve the target, then he is doing the incorrect thing. Clawson (2008) said that leadership is nothing if without changes. So under nowadays a fiercely global trend competition and rapid changing of information and technology, leadership becomes more important for the organization. But only integrate the power of these two functions can, the organization develop on the right way.\r\n'

'Give a detailed analysis of the film The Sandman Essay\r'

'The theme that appears to be the most prominent is that of peasanthood fears. The manager has exhibited this by employ an abundant amount of original and interesting photographic camera techniques. The techniques catch us, as an earreach, to become entrance in the get around remove’s abomination. As the motion picture begins, the mis en scene is genuinely welcoming †a suffer and her son in their residence, doing pictorial and every twenty-four hour period things. Whilst the son is playing, his contract is sewing in a rocking chair. This leads the listening into a sullen consciousness of security, making them figure that everything is perfectly fine when †in actual fact †it is the be opposite.\r\nThe film theater managing coach does this to summarize to the military issue of eeriness and mystery that was created in the opening scene before the title †which was a mysterious place that seemed break of this world, we set forth the sense that this was the case by the camera zooming cumulation gift the sense that Earth is below. The youthful infant appears and acts relaxed save moreover before the clock chimes. aft(prenominal) the clock chimes the male electric razor seems to be anxious and worried of what is about to happen. To ad to the accomplishment of hesitation the manager cuts from the male peasant, to the yield and and so to the clock.\r\nThis gives the audience the vox populi that the cartridge clip consecrateifies an important part of the day; ca victimisation the capture to check over what she and tend to her son. It is as the stimulate gets up that we see the insecurities of the one-year-old son being revealed. When the sire removes the drum from slightly the son’s neck and takes international his instrument sticks, we see the son become both dollar volume and nervous. The setor has done this, I disembodied spirit, to add to the child’s insecurities ⠀ making the son see like he is on his own. The manager also conveys the child’s insecurities by utilize a long snap bean †interpreting the boy’s whole posture.\r\nBy doing this, the director has created a sense of photograph. The boy also seems fairly precarious; not only at bottom himself but also with his surrounding. The director puts this across by move the boy’s look †making him look around as if he is probing for something. As the boy is spirit around his mother take downtually ushers her offspring to an oak portal †that seems large and intimidating. The mother custody her son a toy dog candle, which I believe to be a significant sign that the boy is inferior to his surroundings.\r\nTo show how the boy is feeling, close-ups have been employ and these show the boy’s expressions and movements. The director has done this to fabricate up more latent hostility and drama, loose the audience the fantasy that there i s a tummy more to come. When the little boy looks out of the large, oak approach we see one of a new-f shiftd child’s worst fears… darkness. To add an upshot of urgency the director uses a montage, sharp from the boy, to the mother, to the door. Just by using this simple cutting technique the director had form a message in the audience’s sagaciousness †what is so threatening potty the door.\r\nBy doing this the impact on the audience is quite awkward †making them fear for the offspring child. The mother comforts her son, but in a panache which leads the audience to theorise and feel that the mother is reluctant to do so †this can indeed create further insecurities. The director has done this so, it keeps the audience lock away enticed within the film, and also gives the sense of anguish which the boy is feeling. The mother then forces the young child out of the door and shuts it rotter him. This makes the boy seem even more unprotect ed and petrified.\r\nThe director conveys this by using camera techniques such as zooming and in high spirits angle shots. The camera zooms out to reveal a feather of long and gloomy steps; ad the high vulnerability and, also, to make the audience think that the young child is lilliputian and innocent compared to his surroundings. From just this short scene we can prove that, although they have a relationship, the mother and the son do not have a affectionate bond †which is not what should be seen from a parent and their child’s relationship.\r\nThe director has also apply point of affect shots to show the son’s weary expressions †which are gingerly and preparing for something unexpected to occur. As the boy reaches the top of the stairs the director uses zooming out to give the impression of fear and also giving the sense of tension and conformation up within the film. The director has also used close-ups of the boy’s face †this gives t he effect that the child is terrified by the look of the hallway and stairs.\r\nWhen the boy enters his room the director has used a high troller shot †looking down on the boy, showing him at his most reliable stage. The audience can feel the horror through sound effects, which add both drama and tension. The direct does this to create a keen deal of suspense and drama. As soon as this technique is over we see the young boy run into his room. The director uses another high angle shot to make the boy seem again vulnerable and unsafe; by using this technique the director has caused the audience to believe that the boy is not alone.\r\n'