The Research of the History of English Language

In Black Africa, Australia, the Caribbean (except for Barbados), England (apart from the south-west), current Zealand, South Africa, the southern U.S. states, the Boston area of newly England, New York City vernacular speech, Wales, and the Black position vernacular in the U.S., the r is non-rhotic.

Not only do sounds change geographically and socially, they also change with the passing of time, and with dramatic events such as a pine-time occupation by another linguistic sort out (The Philippines are a good example, as they were occupied by Spanish-speaking and then incline-speaking invaders not so long ago).

Pedagogically, this flux and this variety of influences render the learning of side of meat orthoepy not so easy an enterprise for learners of side of meat as a foreign run-in (Which teacher's pronunciation is the model to practise?). The problem is compounded by the natural tendency of learners to imparting pronunciation and intonation from their native language (such as the rhotocization of Arabic and the Romance languages, and the non-rhotocization of Black African, Chinese, and Japanese dialects--not to omit BBC English).

Conventionally, the history of the English language is fractiond into three broad periods, viz. ancient English (c. 450-1100), Middle English (c. 100-1500), and youthful English (from c. 1500). both(prenominal) linguists may also use the term World English (1960s) to denote English as a world language suffering (or enjoying) changes differen

more or less linguists divide Modern English between Early Modern English (c. 1450-1700) and Late or Later Modern English (or, simply, Modern English) which goes from 1700 to the present day. To some, Early Modern English is but virtuoso stage in the single continuous development of the English language. To others, it constitutes the first stage of Modern English. Yet other scholars take away added the concept of World English dated from 1945 onwards.

All these changes modify Old English into a Middle English that became close another language. In essence, Middle English blended Germanic and Romance sound systems.

Words of Germanic origin were enounce more or little with the values of Old English, whereas words of Romance origin were pronounced more or less with those of Norman French.

tially in these post-modern times. Others speak of World Englishes to stress the varieties of English as spoken throughout the world today.

As anything that is to be born, there had to be a period of gestation, a rebirth between Middle English and Early Modern English. Some place the beginning of an accelerated transitional period from the cobbler's last of Chaucer at the end of the 1400s, and the termination of this period with the return of the monarchy in 1660. The XVth century "witnessed three outstanding developments: the rise of London English, the intention of printing, and the speed of the new learning" (Potter, 1975, p. 882).

Smith, L. (1993). Afterthoughts. London.

English, as we know it today, is the resultant role of a relatively short and checkered history. With each seduction by foreign invaders and with each cultural, economic, and political influence by foreign hordes and nations, came changes in the way the evolving hybridized--and often bastardized--language was spoken and written. This turn is continuing today at an accelerated pace with no end in sight. As the expansion of World English permeates every corner of the globe, both differences and samenesses flour
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